An Ainu–English–Japanese Dictionary/Chapter I/Section V
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{{../place|Aikapubetsu|Aikap-pet|“The river Pecten.”}}
{{../place2|Ainomanai|This should either be {{../alex|Ainu-oma-nai}} or {{../alex|Ai-oma-nai}}. The first name means “Ainu-valley” and the second “thorn valley.” {{../alex|Oma}} means “to be in” and “to be contained in.”}}
{{../place|Akan|Akan-pet|“The made river.” The bed of this river is said to have been formed after a volcanic eruption.}}
{{../place|Akasannai|Aka-san-nai|{{../alex|Aka}} is the same as {{../alex|wakka}}, “water”; {{../alex|san}}, “descend”; {{../alex|nai}}, “valley.” Hence {{../alex|Akasannai}} means “valley with water in it.” This is the name of a rivulet somewhere in Siberia according to Dobrotvorsky. Cfr. {{../alex|Wakasa}}; {{../alex|Wakonai}}; and {{../alex|Wakanai}}.}}
{{../place|Akkeshi|Akkesh-i|“The place of oysters.” At this place there are some very extensive oyster fields, hence the name. {{../alex|Akkesh}} is “oyster,” and {{../alex|i}} is an ordinary locative particle.}}
{{../place|Anekarimbaushi|Ane-karimba-ushi|This name may mean either “the place of little cherry trees” or “the place with the thin circle.” {{../alex|Ane}} means “thin”: {{../alex|ushi}} “place:” but {{../alex|karimba}} may be either “a cherry tree” or “to circle.”}}
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| style="width: 14.4em; vertical-align: middle;" | “The protruding hillock”; or “the place bearing the little hill.”
{{../place|Aoshuma|Ai-ush-oma-i|“The Template:SIC place.” The addition of {{../alex|ush}} to nouns is one usual way of forming adjectives out of them.}}
{{../place|Araomaibetsu|Ara-oma-pet|“Forceps river.” {{../alex|Ara}} is also applied to the pinchers of an earwig. There is an {{../alex|ara}} which means “beautiful,” and another which means “one of a pair.” But in Kamtchatka {{../alex|Ara}} also means “slow”; “tardy.”}}
{{../place|Araweotsugawa|Arawe-ot-pet|“Scum river.” {{../alex|Ot}} like {{../alex|at}} is a plural the one of {{../alex|an}}, and the other of {{../alex|o}}, “to be” and to “contain.”}}
{{../place|Arikawa|Ara-pet|Either “the beautiful river” or “forceps river” possibly “earwig river;” or “the one of two rivers” or “slow river” or “the open river.”}}
{{../place|Asahigawa|Chiupet|“Current river” (see Template:Lang). {{../alex|Chiupet}} has been mistaken by the Japanese as if it were {{../alex|Chup-pet}}, “sun-river”; Hence the misnomer Template:Lang “rising sun river.”}}
{{../place|Asari|Asari-pet|“The open river.” The roots of Template:SIC words are {{../alex|sara}}, v.i. “to open up:Template:Sic” {{../alex|a}}, a passive and intransitive prefix:Template:Sic and {{../alex|i}} a locative particle. The final {{../alex|a}} in {{../alex|asara}} is elided according to Ainu grammatical rule.}}
{{../place3|Asari|Asar-i|“The open place” i.e. open to the skies.}}
{{../place3|Ashibetsu-nobori|Ashbe nupuri|“Dorsal fin mountain”; so called from its form.}}
{{../place|Ashoro|Ash-so-oro-pet|“The river with the standing waterfall.” But {{../alex|so}} may mean simply a “bare rock” as well as “fall.”}}
{{../place3|Atsuchi|At-chi-kotan|“The place of elms”; {{../alex|chi}} is a plural suffix.}}
{{../place|Atsukaripinai|At-kari-pi-nai|“The tiny string-like stream.” {{../alex|At}}, “a string”; {{../alex|kari}}, “by way of”; {{../alex|pi}}, “tiny”; {{../alex|nai}}, stream or valley.}}
{{../place2|Atsubetsu|There are several rivers and streams in Yezo called Template:Lang by the Japanese which are pronounced differently by the Ainu. Thus, one stream is called {{../alex|A-pet}}, another {{../alex|Ap-pet}}, a third {{../alex|At-pet}}, and yet a fourth {{../alex|At-ush-pet}}, every one of which is called {{../alex|Atsubetsu}} by the Japanese. {{../alex|A-pet}}, means “the river tine” or “tooth”; {{../alex|Template:SIC}} means “the river spear” or “harpoon”; {{../alex|At-pet}} means “the river thong” or “lace” or “string”; and {{../alex|At-ush-pet}} signifies “the river of elm trees.”}}
{{../place|Atsukarushi|At-karush-i|“The place of elm mushroom.” Fungi are almost always named after the tree or kind of soil they grow on. Thus:—“Oak fungi”; “fir fungi”; “manure fungi” and so forth.}}
{{../place|Atsuta|Ahachita|“The place of digging up hog-pea-nuts” (Amphicarpaea Edgeworthii, BenthTemplate:Greyed, var. japonica, Oliver). {{../alex|Aha}} is the “hog pea-nut,” and {{../alex|chita}} means “digging up.”}}
{{../place3|Awonai|A-o-nai|“A gully,” lit: “dug-out-valley.”}}
{{../place|Azuma|At-ma|This may mean either.Template:Sic “The shining lagoon” or “the shining peninsula,” {{../alex|ma}} meaning “lagoon” when applied to water, and “peninsula” when applied to land. But {{../alex|at}} may have three meanings, viz, “to shine”; “a thong,” “lace,” or “string,” and lastly it may possibly be the plural form of the verb {{../alex|a}} “to be.’,Template:Sic Thus the meaning may be either “the place of the lagoons” or “peninsulas”; or “the shining lagoon” or “peninsula”; or “thong lagoon” or “peninsula.”}}
{{../place3|Azabu|Asap-nai Template:Lang Asapp-nai|“paddle valley” or “paddle stream.”}}
{{../place|Bakkai|Pakkai shuma|{{../alex|Pakkai}} means “to carry a child on the back,” and {{../alex|shuma}} is “stone.” Hence “The stone which carries a child on its back.” This is the name given to a large stone standing upon the sea coast having a smaller one leaning on it after the manner of women carrying their children when travelling. It quite describes the appearance of the stone when seen from a distance.}}
{{../place3|Bebetsu|Pepet-kotan|“The wet or marshy place.”}}
{{../place|Benkei saki|Penge-not|“The upper cape.” {{../alex|Penge}} means “upper” in contradistinction of the “lower” part of a river or mountain or portion of the sea coast. {{../alex|Not}} means “jaw,” and is applied to “blunt capes.” The correlative term for lower is {{../alex|pange}}.}}
{{../place|Betchaku|Pet-chak-kotan|“The dry place,” or “the place without a river.” {{../alex|Pet}} besides meaning “river” also means “wet.” The roots are {{../alex|Pe}}, “water” (almost always undrinkable), and {{../alex|ot}}, “to be.” {{../alex|Chak}} means “without” and {{../alex|kotan}} “place” or “village.” But this may also mean “the place where the river pops out.”}}
{{../place|Bibai|Pipa-i|This name may mean either “the place of the swamp” or “the place of the bivalve Anodonta.”}}
{{../place|Bibaushi|Pipa-ushi-i|“The place of the bivalve Anodonta.” {{../alex|Pipa}} is the Anodonta, {{../alex|ushi}} is the “place where anything is.” The {{../alex|pip}} in the previous word most likely means “swamp.” But {{../alex|pipa}} may also be a shell of the margaritana species.}}
{{../place|Bibi|Pip-i Template:Lang Pepe|If {{../alex|pip-i}}, “swamp place,” but if {{../alex|pepe}}, “damp” or “watery.”}}
{{../place|Biratori|Piratoru kotan|“The village by the path of the cliff lake.” The village is said to have been so called because of a large lake which once existed near the place. The remnant of the lake, which I myself saw some 26 years ago, has now been completely washed away by the floods. But, on very many occasions I have Template:SIC this place called {{../alex|Pir’uturu kotan}}, Template:SIC “the village between the cliffs”; and this name exactly agrees with the situation. Moreover in Saghalien Ainu the very word {{../alex|Biruturu}} occurs which Dobrotvorski translates by “an open space.”}}
{{../place3|Biro|Piro-nai|“Cliff valley.” In full this name would be {{../alex|Pira-o-nai}}.}}
{{../place|Birochinai|Pirochi-nai|The plural form is {{../alex|Pirot-nai}}, “the valley of cliffs.” {{../alex|Chi}}, the plural particle is sometimes contracted into {{../alex|i}}, hence this name is sometimes heard as {{../alex|Pirot-nai}}.}}
{{../place3|Birofune
Berufune|Piro-puni-kotan|“The place of raised cliffs.” {{../alex|Puni}} means “lifted up.”}}
{{../place|Birotsunni|Piro-chi-nai|“The valley of cliffs,” the particle {{../alex|chi}} being a plural ending to the noun {{../alex|pira}}. {{../alex|Cha}}, {{../alex|chi}}, and {{../alex|t}} are all plural endings.}}
{{../place3|Byei
Biei|Piye-pet|“The river fat.” {{../alex|Piye}} is the word used for the fat of birds and animals, and in this instance the name has reference to the colour and density of the water in the river so called.”}}
{{../place|Chietomai|Chi-etu-oma-i|“The place containing the sharp cape.” {{../alex|Chietu}}, “a sharp cape,” {{../alex|oma}}, “containing,” {{../alex|i}}, “place.” A blunt cape would be {{../alex|chinot}}.}}
{{../place3|Chikabira|Chikap-pira|“Bird cape.”}}
{{../place|Chikanai|Chik-an-nai|“Dripping valley.” {{../alex|Chik-an}} is the intransitive form of {{../alex|Chik}}, “to drip.”}}
{{../place|Chikaputomushi|Chikap-toma-ushi|“The place of the yellow star of Bethlehem,” (Gagea lutea Roem. et Sch.)Template:Sic}}
{{../place|Chikabumi|Chikap-uni|“The home of the birds.” Said to have been so named because storks and other large kinds of birds used to breed here in great numbers.}}
{{../place3|Chikauchi|Chi-a-ot-i|“The dripping place.”}}
{{../place3|Chikisappu|Tuk-e-sap|“The projecting descents.”}}
{{../place3|Chinomibetsu|Chinomi-pet|“Libation river.”}}
{{../place|Chin|Chin-kotan|This may mean either “the stretched out village” or “pelvis village.”}}
{{../place3|Chinshibetsu|Chin-shipet|“The great river pelvis.”}}
{{../place3|Chiribetsu|Chiri-pet|“Ditch river,” or “ditch waters.”}}
{{../place3|Chirotto|Chirot-to|“The lake containing birds.” {{../alex|Chiri}}, “birds”; {{../alex|ot}}, “containing (plural);” and {{../alex|to}}, “lake.”}}
{{../place3|Chitose|Shikot-to|“Rushes lake.” {{../alex|Ot}} determines the {{../alex|shik}} “a rush” to be of the plural number.}}
{{../place3|Chiubetsu|Chiu-pet|“Current river.” {{../alex|Chiu}} is the same as {{../alex|Chiwe}}, “a current.”}}
{{../place3|Chiuruibetsu|Chiu-rui-pet|“Strong current river.”}}
{{../place3|Ebetsu|E-pet|“Humour river.” So called because of the dirty colour of the water.}}
{{../place3|Ekikomanai|U-kik-oma-nai|“Battle valley.” {{../alex|Ukik}} means “to fight one another.”}}
{{../place3|Ekiminenai|Ekimne-nai|“The mountain stream.”}}
{{../place3|Eramachi|Erem-at-chi-kotan|“The village of rats.” The {{../alex|Chi}} in this name is a simple duplication of the {{../alex|t}} in {{../alex|at}}—the plural number.}}
{{../place3|Erimozaki|Eremu-not|“Rat cape.”}}
{{../place3|Esan|E-san-not|“The projecting cape.”}}
{{../place3|Esashi|Esash kotan|“The place of surf” or “the place of surf rumbling.”}}
{{../place3|Etuchikerepu|Etu-chikere-ushi|“The cape with the land torn off.”}}
{{../place3|Ezo|Isho-moshiri|“The land where there is abundance of game.”}}
{{../place2|Fuji no yama|{{../al|Hunchi}} or {{../al|Unchi nupuri}} “Mount of fire”; or “mountain, the goddess of fire.” {{../alex|Unchi}} or {{../alex|unji}} is applied to fire in Yezo when being worshipped only; but in Saghalien it is the usual name for fire.}}
{{../place3|Furemappu|Pui-omap-i|“The place with a hole.”}}
{{../place3|Fumbe-kawa|Humbe-pet|This may be either {{../alex|humpe pet}}, “river of sounding waters” or {{../alex|humbe pet}}, “whale river.”}}
{{../place3|Fumbetsu|Humi-pechi-kotan|“The place of the roaring waters.”}}
{{../place3|Furebetsu|Fure-pet|“The red river.”}}
{{../place3|Furan|Huru-an-kotan|“The village by the hill”; or “the village with a hill.”}}
{{../place3|Furano|Huru-an-nu-kotan|“The very hilly place.”}}
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| “The hilly place.”
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| The {{../alex|nu}} defines the noun as plural.
{{../place3|Furanu-i|Huranu-i|“The place of the dunes” or “hills.”}}
{{../place3|Furubira|Huru-pira|“The hill cliff.”}}
{{../place3|Fushkobetsu|Fushko-pet|“The old river.”}}
{{../place3|Futoro|Pit-oro-kotan|“The place of pebbles.” {{../alex|Pit}} is a small stone.}}
{{../place3|Fuyujima|Pui-shuma|“The stone with a hole” or “cavern” in it.}}
{{../place3|Garugawa|Karu-pet|“Uneven river.” Probably referring to stones or boulders or rapids in the bed.}}
{{../place3|Garu-rushi|Karu-ushi|“The uneven place.”}}
{{../place3|Habomai|Hap-oma-i|“The place of the herb Heracleum lanatum, Michx.” This herb is by some called {{../alex|Hara}}, by some {{../alex|Hap}}, and by some {{../alex|Pittok}}.}}
{{../place2|Hakodate|This is Japanese and takes its name “box-fort” from the ancient Japanese fort which used to be here and which is said to have been built by Template:Lang. The Ainu name of the place was {{../alex|Ushungesh}}, which means “the lower end of the bay.”}}
{{../place3|Hamamashke|Ma-shike|“The spread out lagoon” or “peninsula.”}}
{{../place3|Hirakishi|Pira-gesh-i|“Cliff end.”}}
{{../place3|Hiramura|Piratoru|“Template:SicSee Biratori.}}
{{../place3|Homme|Humne-pet|“The broken river.” {{../alex|Humne}} means “small pieces.”}}
{{../place3|Horobetsu|Poro-pet|“The big river.” {{../alex|Poro}} means “big.”}}
{{../place3|Horoizumi|Poro-eremu-not|“The great rat cape.”}}
{{../place3|Horomombetsu|Poro-mo-pet|“The big tranquil river.” {{../alex|Mo}} means “quiet”; “tranquil.”}}
{{../place3|Horomui|Poro-mui|“The great fan.”}}
{{../place3|Horonai|Poro-nai|“The big stream” or “valley.” Among the Saghalien Ainu {{../alex|nai}} means a “large river.”}}
{{../place3|Humbetomare|Humbe-tomare|“Whale harbour” or “water sounding harbour.”}}
{{../place3|Iburi koku|Ifure-iso-kotan|“The place of the rock which is red.” {{../alex|Fure}} means “red,” and {{../alex|ifure}} “very red.”}}
{{../place3|Ikushumbetsu|Ikush-un-pet|“The trans-river” or “the yonder river,” or “the crossing river.”}}
{{../place3|Ikutoro|Ik-uturu|“Between the mountain ridges.” The word {{../alex|ik}} also stands for the “spine,” a “joint,” an “inch,” or a “division.”}}
{{../place3|Inao-toge|Inao-pira|“Inao cliff.” {{../alex|Inao}} are pieces of whittled wood used as fetches.}}
{{../place|Inuboe|I-nup-o-i|{{../alex|I}}, an intensifying particle, {{../alex|nup}}, “plain”; {{../alex|o}}, “protrude”; {{../alex|i}} either a locative particle or a substantivizer. Hence, “the protruding plain”; or “jetting table-land.”}}
{{../place|Ishikari-gawa|Ishkari-pet|“The winding river.” {{../alex|I}} an intensifying particle; {{../alex|shikari}}, “to go round.” Or, “the blocked up river.”}}
{{../place2|Isoya|{{../alex|Isoya}} by some and {{../alex|Isoyake}} by others......But both have the same meaning, the {{../alex|ke}} being either a locative particle only or a plural suffix. It means “The place of the great bare rock,” or “rocks”; or “The land where there is plenty of game.”}}
{{../place3|Itaki|Itangi-kotan|“Cup village.”}}
{{../place3|Itaratarage|Itaratarage-i|“The shaky place.” The district called by this name has some very boggy land about it which trembles very much when walked over.}}
{{../place2|Iwanai|{{../alex|Iwanai}} by some {{../alex|Iwau-o-nai}} by others......The first name means “rock valley,” and the second “the valley having sulphur.”}}
{{../place3|Kabato|Kapato-kotan|“The place of the water lily Nuphar japonicum. Also “mud lake.”}}
{{../place|Kakkumi|Kakkumi kotan|“Bucket place,” so called because of the conformation of the Template:SIC mountains. Or, “the place of the roaring waters.”}}
{{../place3|Kamiiso|Kamui-so|“The great cascade.” The word {{../alex|Kamui}} is often used to express beauty and greatness among other things.}}
{{../place|Kamoi kotan|Kamui kotan|“The dreadful” or “wild” or “awe-inspiring place.” {{../alex|Kamui}} is the ordinary word for “god” but used as an Adjective it may mean “great,” “beautiful,” “aweful,” “pretty” “dreadful” and so on.}}
{{../place3|Kamoi wakka|Kamui-wakka|“Water par excellence.”}}
{{../place3|Kamoi to|Kamui-to|“The beautiful” or “great lake.”}}
{{../place3|Kannikan dake|Kannikan-nupuri|“Staff mountain.”}}
{{../place3|Template:SIC|Karapto moshiri|“The country of the descending lakes.” Probably there are some highland lakes in Template:Lang i.e. Saghalien.}}
{{../place3|Karifuto|Karip-butu|“The mouth of the river wheel,” or “the mouth of the hoop.”}}
{{../place3|Karimba yama|Karimba nupuri|“Cherry tree mountain.”}}
{{../place3|Kayabe|Kayabe nupuri|“Sail mountain.”}}
{{../place|Kayanoma|Ki-moi-kotan|“Reed bay village.” {{../alex|Moi}} really means a “quiet place,” and is applied to any quiet, snug place among the mountains as well as to the sea harbours or bays.}}
{{../place3|Keneushi|Kene-ushi|Alnus incana place.”}}
{{../place3|Kemanai|Kema-nai|“Foot stream” or “valley.”}}
{{../place3|Ki|Ki-i|“The place of rushes.”}}
{{../place3|Kiitap|Kitap|“Reed hill.” {{../alex|Tap}} is a single mountain peak.}}
{{../place3|Kikonai|Ki-oma-nai|“Reed valley.”}}
{{../place3|Kinatoshi|Kanat-ni-ushi|“The place of the Cephalotaxus drupacea.}}
{{../place3|Kim un nai|Kim un nai|“The mountain valley.”}}
{{../place3|Kinaushi|Kina-ushi|“The place of grass.”}}
{{../place3|Kiunnai|Ki-un-nai|“The stream among the rushes.”}}
{{../place2|Kiyomap|This is in Ainu {{../alex|Ki-omop}} and means “the place or water containing reeds.” {{../alex|Ki}} means “reeds”; {{../alex|Oma}} is a plural verb meaning “to contain”; and {{../alex|P}} may be either “place” or “water,” the locality itself determining which is meant.}}
{{../place3|Kochikabaki|Ko-chikap-ak-i|“The place where birds are shot.”}}
{{../place3|Koitoi|Koi-tui-kotan|“The place torn by waves,” {{../alex|Koi}}, “the waves of the sea,” {{../alex|tui}}, “to cut,” or “tear.”}}
{{../place3|Kokipiru|Pok-pira|“The under,” or “lower cliff.”}}
{{../place3|Kom-nai|Kom-nai|“Knuckle glen,” or “knob valley”; “hillock glen.”}}
{{../place3|Konoi|Kombu-moi|“Sea-weed bay.”}}
{{../place3|Kotanbetsu|Kotan-pet|“The village river.”}}
{{../place3|Kotangeshi|Kotan-gesh|“The west end of a village.”}}
{{../place3|Kotan-uturo|Kotan-uturu|“The space of land between two villages” or “the middle of a village.Template:Greyed}}
{{../place3|Kotoni|Kot-on-i|“The place of the dyke.”}}
{{../place3|Kuchaunai|Kucha-un-nai|“Hunter’s lodge valley.”}}
{{../place3|Kuamaru|Ku-ama-ru|“Any path in which a spring low is placed.”}}
{{../place3|Kudo|Ku-to|“Bow lake.”}}
{{../place3|Kumaishi|Kuma-ush-kotan|“Bar village” or “rail village.”}}
{{../place3|Kunashiri|Kunna-shiri|“Black land.” “Black island.”}}
{{../place3|Kunnebetsu|Kunne-pet|“The black river.”}}
{{../place3|Kushiro|Kush-ru|“A passage.” “The way through(Template:Sicpresumably from {{../alex|Apa-shiri}} to the South-east coast.)Template:Greyed}}
{{../place|Kusuri|Kusuri-kotan|“The place of hot springs.” “The medicine place.” {{../alex|Kusuri}} is said by the Ainu to be an Ainu word and not distinctively Template:SIC.}}
{{../place|Makaribetsu|Makkari-pet|“The river which circles back.” From {{../alex|Mak}}, “back”; {{../alex|Karip}}, “a wheel,” and {{../alex|pet}}. The root {{../alex|kari}} also occurs in the name {{../alex|Ishkari}}.}}
{{../place3|Makunkotan|Mak-un-kotan|“The hinder village” or “place.”}}
{{../place3|Maonai|Mau-nai|“Windy valley” ({{../alex|Mau}} may also mean the “beach rose” (i.e. Rosa-rugosa).}}
{{../place3|Mashke|Meshke-i|“The place of the land-slip.”}}
{{../place3|Matomanai|Mat-oma-nai|“The valley with the lagoons” or “peninsulas.” Compare Template:Lang.}}
{{../place|Matsukotan|Mata kotan|“Winter village or “winter residence.” Probably referring to the pits the Ainu used to inhabit during the winter months.}}
{{../place3|Matsumai|Mat-oma-i|“The place of the lagoons” or “peninsulas.” The {{../alex|t}} determines {{../alex|ma}} to be plural.}}
{{../place3|Mauka|Mau-ka|“A windy place” Lit: {{../alex|mau}}, “wind” {{../alex|ka}}, “at the head.”}}
{{../place|Meakan|Me-akan-pet-nuburi|“The mountain of the cold made river.” See {{../al|akan-pet}}. (But the {{../alex|me}} in this name may be Japanese, and if so it means “female.”)}}
{{../place3|Memnai|Mem-nai|“Pond valley.”}}
{{../place3|Mena-mura|Mena-kotan|“The village by the pond,” or “pond place.” But it may also very well mean “the damp place.”}}
{{../place3|Menashi|Mena-sara-nai|“The valley of the Lythyrus maritimus.”}}
{{../place3|Misomap|Nishomap|“The cloudy place.”}}
{{../place3|Mitsuishi|Pit-ushi|“The place of pebbles.”}}
{{../place3|Moireushi|Moi-reushi-kotan|“Stopping place bay.”}}
{{../place3|Moiwa|Moiwa-nupuri|The mountain with the gradually sloping sides. Or “the mountain with the easy rocks” (i.e. rocks easy to climb.)}}
{{../place3|Mombetsu|Mo-pet|“Slow river.”}}
{{../place3|Mori|Mori|“The little hill,” or “the gentle slope” or “the hillock.”}}
{{../place3|Mororan|Mo-ru-ran-kotan|“The village of the gently descending road.” A very good description of the old road over the mountains to old Moru-ran.}}
{{../place3|Mōseushi|Mose-ushi|“Nettle-fibre place.”}}
{{../place3|Motomanai|Mo-to-oma-nai|“Quiet-lake-glen.”}}
{{../place3|Motta|Motta-moshiretu|“Adze cape.”}}
{{../place3|Mukawa|Muka-pet|“The stopped up river.” So called on account of the large quantity of sand which collects at its mouth at each rising tide.}}
{{../place3|Naiporo|Nai-poro-kotan|“The place at the great glen” or “valley.”}}
{{../place3|Namewakka|Nam-wakka-kotan|“The place of cool water”}}
{{../place3|Naibuto|Nai-butu|“Valley mouth.”}}
{{../place3|Nanai
Nanaye|Nam-nai|“The cool stream” or Template:Greyedvalley.”}}
{{../place3|Naiyoro|Nai-oro-kotan|“The village at the valley.”}}
{{../place3|Neppu|Nep-u-nupuri|“Sword handle” or “haft mountain.”}}
{{../place3|Nemoro|Nem-oro-kotan|“The place of ponds” or “swamps.”}}
{{../place3|Netsuso|Net-so|{{../alex|Net}} is the “smooth surface of water”; {{../alex|so}} is “fall.” Hence “smooth-surface fall.”}}
{{../place3|Nigori kawa|Yu-un-pet|“The river having mineral springs in it.”}}
{{../place3|Niikappu|Ni-kap-kotan|“The place of the tree bark.” Bark fibre was formerly used in making Ainu cloth.}}
{{../place3|Nina|Nina-kotan|“Sole fish village.”}}
{{../place3|Nioi|Ni-o-i-kotan|“Forest place.” {{../alex|Ni}} means “trees.”}}
{{../place2|Niptani|{{../al|Niptani}} by some and {{../al|Miptani}} by others...The {{../alex|niptani}} is a raised platform the Ainu hunters make in the forests upon which to stow much meat as they are unable to carry away on their return from hunting.}}
{{../place3|Nishi|Nish-kotan|“Cloud village.”}}
{{../place3|Nishitap|Nish-tap|“Cloud capped mount.”}}
{{../place3|Nitui|Nit-u-i|“The place of thorns.”}}
{{../place3|Niunnai|Ni-un-nai|“Tree valley.”}}
{{../place3|Noboribetsu|Nupuru-pet|“The turbid river.” So called from the colour of its waters.}}
{{../place3|Noboripo|Nupuri-po|“A little mountain.”}}
{{../place3|Nokapiri|Noka-pira|“Image cliff.”}}
{{../place3|Nokkamappu|Nup-ka-omap|“The place above the plain.”}}
{{../place3|Nopporo|Nup-oro-kotan|“The village in the plain.”}}
{{../place3|Noshappu|Nishtap-u|“Cloud capped mount.” {{../alex|U}} like {{../alex|i}} is a locative particle.}}
{{../place|Notaoi|Not-ao-i|“The place bearing a cape” or “cape bourne place.” The {{../alex|A}} in this name is a passive particle and is often used to express the objective.}}
{{../place3|Notorozaki|Not-oro-kotan|“The village at the cape.”}}
{{../place3|Notsuke|Not-ushike|“Cape place.”}}
{{../place3|Notu|Not-o|“The place of the blunt cape.”}}
{{../place3|Oakan|O-akan-pet-nupuri|“The mountain at the mouth of the made river” (see {{../alex|Akan-pet}}). But the {{../alex|o}} in this name may be Japanese, and if so it means “male” Template:SIC {{../alex|me-akan}}.}}
{{../place3|Obihiro|Opereperup-nai|“The stream with the broken up mouth.”}}
{{../place3|Obirashibe|Opiras-pe-kotan|“The village by the spread out water.”}}
{{../place3|Ochiaibetsu|Ochi-ai-pet|“Arrow-mouthed-river.” {{../alex|O}} is the lower end i.e. “mouth” of a stream or river, or “mouth meeting river.”}}
{{../place3|Ochikapaki|O-chikap-ak-i|“The place of shooting birds.”}}
{{../place3|Ofuizaki|Uhui-not|“The burning cape.”}}
{{../place|Okamoi-zaki|O-kamui-not|“The great protruding cape.” There are no expletive words or particles in Ainu; the {{../alex|o}} used as a prefix here means “projecting.” For {{../alex|kamui}} as meaning “great” see Template:Lang and {{../alex|Kamui wakka}}.”Template:Sic}}
{{../place|Okompushbe|Ok-un-push-pesh-i|“The descent of the badly exploded” or “Template:SIC place.” Said to have reference to an ancient Template:SIC of a volcano in the district. But by some it is {{../alex|Ok-un-pesh-be}}, and this means “the over-hanging neck” referring to the neck of land at the place so called. By other Ainu the true name is said to be {{../alex|Okom-pesh-i}}, and this means “the place of protruding mountain knobs.”}}
{{../place3|Okotsunai|O-u-kot-nai|“The valleys where the entrances adjoin,” i.e. the place where two valleys part off into different directions.}}
{{../place|Oku-patchi|Okoi-patche-i|“The place where the waves of the sea are scattered.” From {{../alex|o-koi}}, “out of the waves”; {{../alex|patche}}, “scattered”; {{../alex|i}} a locative particle “place.” So called on account of the waves beating among the rocks here.}}
{{../place3|Okushiri|Ok-shiri|“Neck island.” {{../alex|Shiri}} is sometimes “land,” and sometimes “island.”}}
{{../place3|Ombetsu|O-mu-pet|“The river with a stopped up mouth.”}}
{{../place3|Omoribama|Omori-kotan|“The jetting cape” or “hill.” (see {{../alex|Mori}}). Template:Lang is the Japanese for Template:Lang, “sea coast,” or “sandy beach.”}}
{{../place|Onishika|O-nish-ika-kotan|“The village over the clouds.” This means that the village so named is situated very high up in the mountains.}}
{{../place3|Orito|O-rit-o-kotan|“The place having protruding veins.”}}
{{../place3|Osarubetsu|O-sara-pet|“The river with the open mouth.” (See Template:Lang).}}
{{../place3|Osatsube|O-sat-nai|“The valley” or “stream with a dry mouth.”}}
{{../place|Oshamambe|Oshamambe-kotan|“The village of the sole.” The name is said to be taken from the conformation of the land on one of the hills behind the village. But {{../alex|Oshamambe}} may grammatically mean “place where soles abound.”}}
{{../place3|Oshima|Oshma-ushi|“The sunken place.”}}
{{../place3|Oshoro|Ush-oro-kotan|“The village at the head of the bay.”}}
{{../place3|Oshunkushi|Osh-un-kush-i|“The back crossing place.” But this name may possibly be {{../alex|Oshungu-ushi}} and that means “the place of fir trees.”}}
{{../place3|Ota|Ota-shiri-etu|“Sand cape land.”}}
{{../place3|Otaru|Ota-ru|“The sand road.”}}
{{../place3|Otasami|Otasam|“Sand side.”}}
{{../place3|Otōbe|Ota-o-pe|“Water containing sand.”}}
{{../place3|Otobe|Ochi-o-pe|“The stream with several mouths.”}}
{{../place3|Otoshipe|Ota-ush-pe|“Sandy water.”}}
{{../place3|Ōtsu gawa|Ohot-pet|“Deep river.”}}
{{../place3|Ōtsunai|Ohot-nai|“The deep valley” or “stream.”}}
{{../place3|Parato|Para-to|“Broad lake.”}}
{{../place3|Pekere|Pekere|“Clear.”}}
{{../place3|Pekereat|Pekere-at-pet|“The shining river.”}}
{{../place3|Penakori|Penak-o-ri-kotan|“The high upper village.”}}
{{../place3|Pitarapa|Pitara-pa-kotan|“The village over the stony place.”}}
{{../place3|Piraka|Piraka-kotan|“The village at the top of the cliff.”}}
{{../place3|Pokkirito|Pok-e-rit-o-i|“The place having veins coming from beneath it.”}}
{{../place3|Poromezaki|Poro-me-an-not|“The very cold cape.”}}
{{../place3|Poromoi|Poro-mui|“The great winnow.” This place is so named because the distant mountains suggest a winnow by their conformation. Or, “the great creeper.”}}
{{../place3|Poronai|Poronai|See Template:Lang.}}
{{../place3|Porosara|Poro-sara-i|“The great sedge plain,” or “the great open place.”}}
{{../place3|Poronobori|Poro-nupuri|“The big mountain.”}}
{{../place3|Raiba|Ra-i-pa|“The head of the low or deep place.”}}
{{../place3|Rakko-gawa|Rakko-pet|Template:GreyedSea-otter river.”}}
{{../place3|Rampoki|Ram-pok-i|“Under the low place.” This is the name given to a place low down under some cliffs not far from Horobetsu.}}
{{../place3|Rebunge|Rep-un-gep|“The sea scoop.” This place is so called because the mountains along the coast here are formed somewhat like a “scoop” or “ladle.”}}
{{../place3|Rebunshiri|Rep-un-shiri|“The island.” The word {{../alex|rep}} is “sea,” {{../alex|un}} is a locative particle, and {{../alex|shiri}} is land.”}}
{{../place3|Rishiri|Ri-shiri|“The high land.”}}
{{../place3|Rokke|Rutke-i|“The place of the land slip,” or “the place of slipping off.”}}
{{../place3|Ruriran|Rui-ran-i|“The steep descent.”}}
{{../place3|Rurumoppe|Ruru-oma-pe|“Brackish water.” But this name may really be {{../alex|Ruru-nuppe}} “Water of the salt plain.”}}
{{../place3|Rusha|Ru-san-i|“The place where the path descends.”}}
{{../place|Sakkotan|Sak-kotan|“Summer village.” This name has reference to “the summer” residences of the people in contradistinction to the places where pits were dug for winter dwellings.}}
{{../place3|Samani|San-mau-ni|“The place of rotten wood” or “the wood washed upon the sea coast by the waves.”}}
{{../place3|Samdo|San-to|“The descending lake.”}}
{{../place3|Sannoi|San-nai|“The descending stream” or “valley.”}}
{{../place|Sapporo|Sat-poro-pet|“The river which gets very dry.” So called because this river is very broad at places and during the summer months the bed has consequently many dry places in it. But the name really comes from {{../alex|Sat-poro-nupuri}}, i.e. “dry mountain.”}}
{{../place3|Sarapa|Sara-pa-kotan|“The village at the head of the sedge” or “plain.”}}
{{../place3|Sara|Sara-moshiri|“Template:Sic(See Template:Lang.)}}
{{../place3|Saru|Sara-moshiri|“The country open to the skies.” (See Template:Lang.)}}
{{../place3|Sarubuto|Sara-pet-putu|“The mouth of the river Template:Lang.”}}
{{../place3|Saruru|Sar-orun-kotan|Either “the place of cranes” or “the place of sedge.”}}
{{../place3|Sashumbetsu|Sash-hum-pet|“Surge sounding river.” So named on account of the noise of the billows of the sea along the coast near here.}}
{{../place3|Satsuma|Sat-ma|“A dry lagoon,” or “pond” or “peninsula.”}}
{{../place3|Sawaki|Sara-ki-kotan|“The place of rushes,” (Phragamites communis Trin.)}}
{{../place3|Sawara yama|Sarat-nupuri|“The mountain of sedge grass.” {{../alex|At}} is the plural of {{../alex|an}} “to be.”}}
{{../place3|Shakotan|Sak-ibe-kotan|“The place of the summer trout.”}}
{{../place3|Shakubetsu|Sak-ibe-un-pet|“The river frequented by the summer trout.”}}
{{../place3|Shari|Sar-i|“The open place.”}}
{{../place3|Shiribeshi
Shibetsu|Shi-pet|“The main river” in contradistinction to an affluent.}}
{{../place3|Shibuchari|Shipi-chara-pet|“The river with the stony mouth.” {{../alex|Shipi}} are small round pebbles.}}
{{../place3|Shikabe|Shikambe-kotan|“The place of the Template:SIC.” Many of these birds may sometimes be seen along the coast called by this name.}}
{{../place3|Shikerebe|Shikerebe-kotan|“The place of the Phellodendron amurense Rupr.”}}
{{../place3|Shikerebe|Shikerebe|“Shale” or “broken rocks,” or “gravel.”}}
{{../place3|Shikunoppe|Shiki-o-nup-pe|“Water rising from the reed plain.”}}
{{../place3|Shikiu|Shiki-u|“The place or rushes.”}}
{{../place3|Shikotan|Shi-kotan|“Great,” or “best,Template:Greyed or “true village” or “place.”}}
{{../place3|Shima|Shuma-kotan|“The place of stones.”}}
{{../place3|Shimamaki|Shimak-mak-i|“The hindermost place.”}}
{{../place3|Shimamaki|Shuma’map|“The place containing stones.” In full this is {{../alex|Shuma omap}}.}}
{{../place3|Shimushu||}}
{{../place3|Shimushir|Shimoshiri|“The great country.”}}
{{../place3|Shumushu||}}
{{../place3|Shinekozaki|Shi-meko-not|“The great cat cape.” {{../alex|Mek}} is the native word for “cat,” {{../alex|mek}} being an onomatopoeia for the cat’s mew.}}
{{../place3|Shinshiru|Shin-shiru-kotan|“The place with the earth rubbed off” or “earth abraded place.” {{../alex|Shin}} is the same as {{../alex|shiri}}, “land.”}}
{{../place|Shintoko|Shin’toko|“The ends or shoulders of the mountains.” In full this name is {{../alex|shiri}}, “mountains as opposed to plains;” {{../alex|etok}}, “the ends;” {{../alex|o}}, “jutting.” {{../alex|Shintoko}} is a place situated above the plains just before entering the pass over the {{../al|Tokapchi}} range.}}
{{../place3|Shiokubi|Shi-ok-upipi-kotan|“The place of the great sorrow” (perhaps referring to a defeat in battle).}}
{{../place2|Shipun|The Ainu inform me that this place is called by themselves {{../alex|Shupun}} and not {{../alex|Shipun}}. {{../alex|Shupun}} means “roach” (Leuciseus hakuensis, GthrTemplate:Greyed). The full way of writing the name is {{../alex|Shupun kotan}}, “the place of the roaches.” It is said to be so called because the streams here-about contain a very large number of roach. But should it turn out however, that the name is really {{../alex|Shipun kotan}} it may possibly mean “the place of pebbles,” or even “the place of the scouring rush.” (Equisetum Template:SIC, L. var. japonicum, Milde).}}
{{../place3|Shiraito|Shiri-etu|“Cape land.”}}
{{../place|Shirakami|Shirara-kamu-i|“The place covered by the tide.” It is very interesting to remark that the Ainu term for “God” is {{../alex|Kamui}}, and means “He who” or “that which covers.” The particle {{../alex|i}} is either masculine or feminine or neuter as best suits the context in which it occurs. The root of {{../alex|Kamui}} is {{../alex|ka}} “top.”}}
{{../place3|Shiranuka|Shiraraka|“Over the tide.” By some this is {{../alex|Shirara-ika}}. “The over-flowing tide.”}}
{{../place3|Shirao|Shirara|“The tide.”}}
{{../place|Shiraoi|Shira-o-i|“The place where the tide comes out (over the land).” This well defines the locality for there are extraordinary high tides here on occasion.”Template:Sic}}
{{../place3|Shiretoko|Shiretok-o-kotan|“The beautiful place,” or “the place of the jetting land.”}}
{{../place3|Shiribeshi
Shiribetsu|Shiri-pet|“The great river,” or {{../alex|Shi-pet}}, “the great high river” (probably up-land).}}
{{../place3|Shiriuchi|Shiru-ot-kotan|“The abraded places.Template:Greyed {{../alex|Ot}} defines the noun to be of the plural number.}}
{{../place|Shiruturu|Shir’uturu|“Between the mountains.” {{../alex|Shiri}}, “land,” Template:SIC sometimes used by the Ainu for “mountains” in contradistinction to level places. Compare {{../alex|shintoko}}.}}
{{../place3|Shitsukari|Shittok-kari|“By the elbow.”}}
{{../place3|Shizunai|Shut-nai|“Mountain foot stream.”}}
{{../place3|Shiunkotsu|Shum-un-kot-kotan|“The village of scumbelt.” So called on account of scum often seen in a bend of the river here.}}
{{../place3|Shonai|So-nai|“Cascade stream.”}}
{{../place3|Shuma-kotan|Shuma-kotan|“The place of stones.”}}
{{../place3|Shumaya|Shuma-ya|“The stony land.”}}
{{../place3|Shusushi|Susu-ushi|“Willow place.”}}
{{../place3|Shusushinai|Susu-ush-nai|“Willow valley.”}}
{{../place|Sorachi|So-rap-chi-pet|“The river of the waterfalls.” From {{../alex|so}}, “waterfall;” {{../alex|rap}}, “to descend” (plural of {{../alex|ran}}); {{../alex|chi}}, a plural particle belonging to the noun {{../alex|so}}; {{../alex|pet}}, “a river.”}}
{{../place3|Sounnai|So-un-nai|“Cascade glen.”}}
{{../place3|Soya|So-ya-kotan|“The land of bare Template:SIC.”}}
{{../place3|Sowen-kotan|So-wen-kotan|“The place of the bad” or “great falls” or “bare rocks.”}}
{{../place3|Suttsu|Shuptu|“The line of the mountain foot,” or “mountain feet.”}}
{{../place3|Takkashima|Tokkara-so|“Fish rock.” {{../alex|Tokkara}} is a kind of salt water fish. It is called Template:Lang by the Japanese.}}
{{../place|Tarumai|Taru-oma-i|“The place of the dug out road.” The volcano so called is thought to have this name given to it because there are some very deep path-like gullies in its sides formed by erosion of loose volcanic Template:SIC.}}
{{../place3|Teine yama|Tei-nei-nupuri|“Damp valley mountain.”}}
{{../place3|Teshio|Tese-u|“Weaving place” or “basket work place.”}}
{{../place3|Teure shima|Chiure-shuma|“Toe stone.” {{../alex|Chiure}} and {{../alex|chieure}} mean “toe” in Ainu.}}
{{../place3|To-asa|Tuwasa-kotan|“The place of the basket fern.Template:Greyed}}
{{../place3|Tobe|To-pe|“Milk,” or “lake water.”}}
{{../place3|Tobetsu|To-pet|“Lake river.”}}
{{../place3|Tobitsuomai|To-pit-oma-i|“Pebble lake.”}}
{{../place3|Tohira|To-pira|“The cliff of the lake.”}}
{{../place3|Tobuchi||}}
{{../place3|Tobuto|To-put|“The mouth of the lake.”}}
{{../place3|Tobutsu||}}
{{../place3|Todohokke|Toto-ot-ke|“Thicket place.” From {{../alex|todo}} bushes, {{../alex|ot}} “to be,” and {{../alex|ke}}, “place.Template:Greyed}}
{{../place3|To-ne-betsu|To-ne-pet|“Lake-like-river.”}}
{{../place3|Topui|To-pui|“Lake hole.” But this may be {{../alex|Top-u-i}}, “The place of bamboos.”}}
{{../place3|Togari||See Tokkari.}}
{{../place|Toishikari|Toi-ishkara-pet|“The very winding river.” {{../alex|Toi}} means superlatively. (See {{../alex|Ishikari}}). The final {{../alex|a}} in this name instead of {{../alex|i}} need cause no trouble for {{../alex|i}} is often changed into {{../alex|a}} in Ainu.}}
{{../place3|Toitanai|Toi-ta-nai|“Earth-dug-valley” or “stream.”}}
{{../place|Tokachi|Tuk-a-chi-moshiri|“Upward extending country.Template:Sic” or “protruding country.” Probably so called on account of the numerous mountains in this locality. {{../alex|Tuk}} means “to grow” and to “extend upwards;” “to protrude;” {{../alex|achi}} is the plural of {{../alex|an}} “to be” and is the same as {{../alex|at}} and {{../alex|ot}}.}}
{{../place3|Tokari
Tokkari|Tokkari-moi|“Fish bay.” {{../alex|Tokkari}} is the same as {{../alex|Torikara}} and means a kind of fish called {{../alex|tsuka}} by the Japanese. (See Template:Lang.) Also {{../alex|Togari}} by some.}}
{{../place|tokeshimanai|Tokes-oma-nai|or {{../alex|Tokes-ma-nai}}. If {{../alex|Tokes-oma-nai}} the word means “the stream at the lower end of the lake” but if {{../alex|Tokes-oma-nai}} it means “the stream of the lake peninsula.”}}
{{../place3|Tokoro|To-koro-kotan|“The place of the lake.” Or it may be “Nipple place.”}}
{{../place2|Tomakomai|Some Ainu call this place {{../alex|To-mak-ma-i}}, and others {{../alex|To-mak-onai}}. The first form would mean “The place at the back of the lake”, and the second “The stream coming from behind the lake.” Yet another name for this place is {{../alex|Tumok-oma-i}} or {{../alex|Tomok-oma-i}} both of which words mean “The place of the quagmires,” and this quite agrees with the nature of the locality.}}
{{../place3|Tomanai|Tumam-a-i|“The place of the quagmire.”}}
{{../place3|Tonai|To-un-nai|“Lake valley.”}}
{{../place3|Toshibetsu|Tush-pet|“The rope river.”}}
{{../place3|Tsugaru|Tukara-moi|“Sea-leopard bay.”}}
{{../place|Uembetsu|Uwen-pet|“Wailing river.” Said to be so named on account of many Ainu having died here through small-pox. But the name may also mean “mutually-badwaters.” If so the name is descriptive of the quality of the water.}}
{{../place3|Uhui-nobori|Uhui-nupuri|“A volcano.”}}
{{../place3|Uhuitomori|Uhui-tomori|“The burning harbourTemplate:Greyed or “bay.”}}
{{../place3|Uraka|Uraka-kotan|“The rough place.”}}
{{../place3|Urakawa|Urara-pet|“Foggy river.”}}
{{../place3|Uruppu|Urup-pet|“Red salmon river.”}}
{{../place3|Uryu|Uriu|“The high places.” The first {{../alex|u}} expresses mutuality and the last is a locative particle.}}
{{../place3|Usu|Ush-oro-kotan|“The village at the head of the bay.”}}
{{../place3|Usujiri|Ush-un-chiri|“Bay-head-ditch.”}}
{{../place3|Usu-no-yama|Ush-un-nupuri|“Bay-head-mountain.”}}
{{../place3|Utasutsu|Ota-shut|“The sandy mountain foot.”}}
{{../place3|Uyenbetsu|Uwenpet|“The river of bad waters.”}}
{{../place|Wakasa-nobori|Wakka-san-nupuri|“The mountain down which the water runs.” The mountain district so named may be a particularly wet place; or subject to heavy rains.}}
{{../place3|Wakanai|Wakka-nai|“Water valley.”}}
{{../place3|Wakonai|Wakka-o-nai|“Water-bearing valley.”}}
{{../place3|Waonai|Wa-o-nai|“The valley of the green pigeon.”}}
{{../place3|Wanishi|Wan-ushi|“Rim place.”}}
{{../place|Washibetsu|Wash-pet|“Surf river.” So named on account of the surf at the river’s mouth. {{../alex|Wash}} is the same as {{../alex|sash}}, and occurs in the word {{../alex|chi-wash-ekot-mat}}, “The goddess of the surf.”}}
{{../place3|Watara|Watara-i &
Watara-kotan|“The place of rocks.”}}
{{../place3|Yakoshi|Yak-ushi|“The burst up place.”}}
{{../place3|Yamakoshi|Yam-kush-nai|“The valley of chestnut burs.”}}
{{../place3|Yamani-kotan|Yam-ni-kotan|“Chestnut tree village.”}}
{{../place3|Yambetsu|Yam-pet|“Chestnut river.” But if this is {{../alex|Yan-pet}} it means “the descending riverTemplate:Greyed” which I think is the real name.}}
{{../place3|Yageshiri|Yange-shiri|“The lifted up land.” This island is so called because it sometimes has the appearance of being lifted up out of the water.}}
{{../place3|Yange-nai|Yange-nai|“The high” or “elevated valley.” {{../alex|Yange}}, “to elevate and”Template:Sic {{../alex|nai}}, “a valley.”}}
{{../place3|Yedo Template:Lang Edo|Endo kotan|The place of the herb Lythrum salicaria; L.}}
{{../place3|Yepeotsu|Yepe-ot|“The village with the dirtyTemplate:Greyed or Template:Greyedfatty water.”}}
{{../place3|Yoichi|Iyochikotan|“The dizzy” or “perplexing place.”}}
{{../place3|Yokotsudake|Yuk-ot-nupuri|“The mountain where the deer are.”}}
{{../place3|Yubari|Yupara-nupuri|“The mountain of the mineral water Template:SIC.”}}
{{../place|Yubutsu|Ipot-pet|“Face river.” I believe the real old name was {{../alex|E-pet put}}, “pumice stone river mouth.” This description exactly agrees with the river whose bed is covered with volcanic ashes. But there is another meaning {{../alex|E-pet}} (see {{../alex|Ebetsu}}) which also quite agrees with this name.}}
{{../place3|Yūni|Yu-un-i|“The place where there is hot mineral water.”}}
{{../place3|Yurappu|Yu-rap-u|“The place where the hot waters come down.”}}
{{../place3|Yukchisei|Yuk-chisei|“The deer house.”}}
{{../place2|Zeni-bako|The Ainu name of this place is {{../alex|Ota-shupkotan}} which means “Sand-spit place.” Template:Lang is a Japanese name meaning “money-box” and was given to the place many years ago on account of immense sums of money brought to inhabitants through the sale of enormous catches of fishes which used to be made here.}}
|}